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Poradnik

Poradnik Centrum Medycznego Medicus powstał specjalnie z myślą o osobach odwiedzających naszą stronę internetową, zainteresowanych wiedzą z obszaru medycyny i dziedzin jej pokrewnych. Pragniemy dostarczyć Państwu przystępnie sformułowane informacje na temat najczęściej spotykanych schorzeń oraz metod leczenia ich. Poradnik zawiera także cenne informacje medyczne, sprzyjające utrzymaniu dobrego samopoczucia, opisujące etiologię popularnych schorzeń, ich przebieg oraz symptomy. Zwracamy również szczególną uwagę na klarowne przedstawienie symptomów, które powinny skłonić Państwa do niezwłocznej wizyty lekarskiej. Głównym celem, jaki pragnęlibyśmy, aby spełniał nasz Poradnik jest profilaktyka zdrowotna oraz propagowanie wiedzy z zakresu utrzymywania dobrego stanu zdrowia psychofizycznego.

Serdecznie zapraszamy Państwa do lektury!

Primary vaccinations in Ireland

Vaccination is defined as a biological preparation aimed at immunizing the organism against a certain illnesses. the General principle of vaccine functioning lies application of the antigens, that are micro organisms evoking the immunological reactions in one's organism. Then the organism produces antibodies and courtesy of that a next contact with a virus or pathogenic bacteria is reacted to quickly and lot more efficiently easing the course of illness.

Vaccinations can be treated as an unwritten insurance for our child. They may cause many negative short-term side-effects (pain, baking, loud crying) - this is why parents often feel by it. Vaccinations are the strongest prevention against infectious diseases. They contributed to eradication of some diseases, such as smallpox or Heine - Medin disease.

Every new-born child possesses an inborn resistance received in the foetal life. Antibodies are also being transferred to a child during breast-feeding - this why it is so important to do so. This resistance expires after several months and then the child becomes exposed to viruses and bacteria again. Moreover, infectious diseases develop very quickly in young bodies and may have a very heavy course with numerous complications. There are vaccines that can be given to a child straight after birth as well to work together with an inborn immunity.

Every country has got its own immunisation pattern set by a team of experts Immunisation Timetable. This is worked out on the basis of epidemiological data from the given country. That is why often differences arise between certain countries in terms of kind of vaccinations, their quantity of doses and the age of children eligible to it. Vaccinations applied according to a Timetable are obligatory and free.

When immigrating with a child parents should get an information regarding vaccination differences to get an information on how to continue a vaccination scheme at their country of destination. Differences between Polish and Irish Vaccination Timetable are not significant although may cause problems.

Principal differences

First basic difference is that all children in Ireland are vaccinated with combined vaccines (5in1) and in Poland these vaccinations come separate.

Second difference is lack of Hepatitis B vaccination in Irish Vaccination Calendar. This vaccine is accessible in drugstores and sold on the prescription.

Third essential difference is obligatory vaccination against Meningitis of C type. There are 3 doses for children below 1 year of age, and one dose fro those above.

Fourth difference refers to spaces between vaccinations, resulting from the kind of vaccine. According to Polish Timetable in first year of life a child is vaccinated every 6 weeks with separate vaccines. Irish child of the same age is vaccinated every 2 months with associated preparations (DiTePer, Polio) and the 5in1 and meningitis vaccination occurs at the same time - this effects in only 3 vaccinations applied.

The associated preparations are vaccinations of the new generation and they allow to considerably limit the number injections, save child's pain and tears and an unnecessary stress to parents. It at the same time limits the after-effect skin reactions.

What are after-effect skin reactions?

These are possible, correct reactions of the organism towards injected viruses or bacteria. They can be local and appear on the skin where punctured. Often reddening, swelling, flow, painfulness, general may accompany it. Children are irritated, moaning and their temperature grows. Dependent on intensification of the symptoms and the course of reactions one should try to ease it by applying antifebrile or analgesic medication and cover the local skin reaction with a cold towel for example.

Parents should remember that:

1. A child that is not vaccinated is widely exposed heavy infectious diseases and her complications and non - it always means parents' negligence.
2. A child already ill (suffering a cold for example) To accept the vaccine the child has to be absolutely healthy.
3. If the child could not be systematically vaccinated because of the disease the doctor establishes the individual calendar then.
4. . Appropriate intervals should be applied between vaccinations, defined by a doctor or a nurse responsible for vaccinating.

Here is a set of valid free vaccinations in Ireland:

• on a day of the birth – BCG – against tuberculosis. If for some reason a child was not vaccinated in a hospital it should be reported to the local Health Service Executive Immunisation Department where the child will receive this vaccination. BCG cannot be prescribed by GP.
• 2nd, 4th and 6th month of life – DTP + IPV + HIB (5in1) + MEN C – accessible with GP, serves against:
  • Diphtheria (Diphteria)
  • Tetanus (Tetanus)
  • Pertusis, Wooping Cough
  • Heine-Medin disease also known as infant cerebral paralysis (IPV, Poliomyelitis)
  • HiB (Haemophilus influenzae)
  • type C meningitis (MEN C)
• 12th – 15th month – MMR (3in1) + HIB – also accessible from a GP doctor:
  • Measles
  • Mumps
  • Rubella
  • HiB (Haemophilus influenzae)
• 4th – 5th year of life DTP + IPV (4in1) + MMR (3in1) accessible from a GP or given at school:
  • Diphtheria
  • Tetanus
  • Pertusis, Wooping Cough
  • Heine-Medin disease (infant cerebral paralysis(IPV, Poliomyelitis)
  • Measles
  • Mumps
  • Rubella

All vaccinations for children above the age of 5 are performed at schools.

• At the age 11-12 children should receive MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) if there were no previous vaccinations against MMR.
• When at the age of 10-14 a tuberculin test appears negative BCG vaccination should be performed again.
• Between the age of 11 and 14 another DT vaccination (Diphtheria, Tetanus) should be performed.

Mgr Anna Pawelczyk
Nurse
Medicus Medical Center